This is an example of severe mitral regurgitation which is caused by degeneration of the mitral valve leaflets.
The first heart sound is normal. The second heart sound is widely split.
Following the second heart sound there is a third heart sound gallop.
There is a loud, rectangular, pansystolic murmur.
There is a brief, rumbling, diamond-shaped diastolic murmur immediately following the third heart sound.
In the anatomy video you can see the enlarged left atrium and left ventricle.
You can see the turbulent blood flow from the left ventricle into the left atrium. This is the systolic murmur.
You can see the brief turbulent blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle in diastole. This is caused by too much blood in the left atrium which forces blood back into the ventricle during diastole producing the flow rumble.
Mitral Regurgitation - Severe Audio
Mitral Regurgitation - Severe Sounds
Half Speed Mitral Regurgitation - Severe Sounds
Technique
The patient's position should be supine.
Auscultation Tips for Mitral Regurgitation - Severe
Systole:Rectangular, loud murmurS2:Widely split
Diastole:S3 followed by a diamond shaped, brief murmur
Sound Wave
Mitral Regurgitation - Severe Video
Review the cardiac animation and notice the enlarged left atrium and left ventricle.
Observe the turbulent blood flow from the left ventricle into the left atrium. This is the systolic murmur.
You can see the brief turbulent blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle in diastole. This is caused by too much blood in the left atrium which forces blood back into the ventricle during diastole producing the flow rumble.
Authors and Sources
Authors and Reviewers
- ECG heart rhythm modules: Thomas O'Brien.
- ECG monitor simulation developer: Steve Collmann
-
12 Lead Course: Dr. Michael Mazzini, MD.
- Spanish language ECG: Breena R. Taira, MD, MPH
- Medical review: Dr. Jonathan Keroes, MD
- Medical review: Dr. Pedro Azevedo, MD, Cardiology
- Last Update: 11/8/2021
Sources
-
Electrocardiography for Healthcare Professionals, 6th Edition
Kathryn Booth and Thomas O'Brien
ISBN10: 1265013470, ISBN13: 9781265013479
McGraw Hill, 2023 -
Rapid Interpretation of EKG's, Sixth Edition
Dale Dublin
Cover Publishing Company -
EKG Reference Guide
EKG.Academy -
12 Lead EKG for Nurses: Simple Steps to Interpret Rhythms, Arrhythmias, Blocks, Hypertrophy, Infarcts, & Cardiac Drugs
Aaron Reed
Create Space Independent Publishing -
Heart Sounds and Murmurs: A Practical Guide with Audio CD-ROM 3rd Edition
Elsevier-Health Sciences Division
Barbara A. Erickson, PhD, RN, CCRN -
The Virtual Cardiac Patient: A Multimedia Guide to Heart Sounds, Murmurs, EKG
Jonathan Keroes, David Lieberman
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkin)
ISBN-10: 0781784425; ISBN-13: 978-0781784429 - Project Semilla, UCLA Emergency Medicine, EKG Training Breena R. Taira, MD, MPH
-
ECG Reference Guide
PracticalClinicalSkills.com
Mitral Regurgitation - Severe | Auscultation Cheat Sheet with Sounds & Video | #101
