In this lesson, we discuss patent ductus arteriosus. Before birth, the two major arteries—the aorta and the pulmonary artery are connected by a blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus. Shortly after birth the patent ductus closes and turns into a ligament. However, in abnormal circumstances, the patent ductus remains open, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary artery causing a strain on the right ventricle. The first heart sound is normal. The second heart sound is obscured by a continuous crescendo-decrescendo murmur which runs from the beginning of systole to the end of diastole peaking at the second heart sound. This murmur can be auscultated at the pulmonic position. In the cardiac anatomy video, observe an enlarged left atrium and left ventricle. Turbulent blood flow from the aorta to the pulmonary artery through the patent ductus.
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The patient's position is supine.
